银河系中黑洞喷流指向地球

一个黑洞喷流正朝我们方向喷射，其距离并非十分遥远，而是仅数万光年左右，位于我们的银河系内。该黑洞拥有一颗伴星，伴星不断向黑洞输送物质，形成吸积盘并驱动喷流产生。图像由B.Marcote（JIVEASTRON）NRFSARAO提供。

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一个指向我们的黑洞喷流位于银河系内。

在整个宇宙中，黑洞会向太空喷射出喷流。巧合的是，其中一些喷流会朝向地球。天文学家首次发现了一个位于我们银河系内的黑洞喷流正对准地球。

他们称这个黑洞系统为微型耀变体。黑洞拥有一颗伴星，正向黑洞输送物质。黑洞随后将这些物质以两股喷流形式向外喷射，喷流以四分之三光速高速扩散。其中一股喷流正对地球方向，另一股则因撞击附近分子云而发光，使我们得以观测到它。

《天文学与天体物理学》期刊已接受天文学家的研究论文。研究人员于2026年9月1日在arXiv上进行了预发表。

微类星体的发现

天文学家认为，超大质量黑洞位于大多数星系的中心。许多这样的黑洞会驱动喷流，其中一些喷流正朝向地球。天文学家将这类现象称为耀变体。但长期以来，科学家一直怀疑还存在微耀变体——即由伴星提供能量的黑洞所发出、朝向地球的喷流——只是此前尚未发现。

一组来自西班牙、荷兰和阿根廷的天文学家团队称，他们观测到了一个微类星体，距离地球约12,000光年，并将其命名为IRAS182930941。该天体被认为由一个黑洞和一颗围绕其运行的恒星组成，轨道周期为11.38天。黑洞正在吸积恒星的部分物质，并将其以两道喷流形式向外喷射。

哈恩大学的首席作者何塞普马丁表示：

IRAS182930941的一切信息原本就清晰可见，只是它被大量尘埃遮蔽，因此在常规光学图像中几乎无法观测到。它早在数十年前便已被编入星表，随后便长期未受关注。

指向地球的高速喷流

天文学家注意到一颗恒星有轻微的闪烁。随后，他们利用射电望远镜发现了一个似乎只朝向地球的喷流。但进一步的研究揭示了另一个方向相反的喷流的存在，这一发现得益于一个气泡和其发出的辉光。这个背向我们的喷流正猛烈穿过一团气体和尘埃，并在其路径上凿出了一个气泡；在气泡的远端壁面上，喷流加热了气体和尘埃，使其发光。

天文学家通过结合射电和光学观测，得以精确定位喷流源自恒星附近，而非来自更遥远的星系。

联合甚长基线干涉测量研究所JIVE的合著者本尼托马科特表示：

正是这一刻，结果变得确凿无疑。欧洲甚长基线干涉网（EVN）测得的位置与盖亚（Gaia）卫星提供的恒星已知位置相互印证，确认了该喷流确实源自该恒星系统。

blackholejet是天文学中一个非常复杂和不失interest的概念。它是指blackhole周围的gas和matter由于blackhole的引力而被拉伸和加速度,形成一个以blackhole为中心的高速度jet。blackholejet的形成和行为是天文学中一个非常active的研究领域,为天文学和Cosmology的研究提供了important的信息和洞察。

喷流如此强烈，当它撞击分子云时会产生高能伽马射线。共同作者、哈恩大学的佩德罗卢克埃斯卡米利亚表示：

加速器引擎和目标是两个不同的物体，相距数十秒差距。喷流负责加速。云团负责发光。

喷流撞击分子云的这一区域，很可能将粒子加速至极高能量，据科学家称，甚至可能达到拍电子伏特（PeV）量级。1拍电子伏特（PeV）等于10¹⁵电子伏特（即1千万亿电子伏特）。因此，这类微类星体可能成为银河系中最为强大的粒子加速器之一。

验证一个三十年前的理论

科学家三十年前预测了微型喷流的存在，如今终于获得了部分证实。他们认为微型喷流可能在星系演化过程中扮演重要角色。

放大查看。这幅插图展示了微类星体，其黑洞喷流正对地球方向。天文学家通过该喷流对附近分子云的影响，确认了较暗喷流的存在。图像来源：B.MarcoteJIVEASTRONNRFSARAO。

microblazar是天文学中的一种天体，它是一个blackhole的jet，即blackhole的ultiplyinggas和matter的流。blackhole是天文学中的一种compact天体，它具有非常强的重力场，eventhoughitisverysmallinsize.blackholejetsareformedwhenmatterfromabinaryblackholesystemorablackholebinarysystemcollapsesintotheblackhole'seventhorizon,formingajet. blackholejetshavebeenobservedinmanydifferentgalaxies,includingourowngalaxy.Theobservationofamicroblazarinourowngalaxyisasignificantdiscoverybecauseitprovidesnewinsightsintothenatureofblackholesandthestructureofourgalaxy. blackholejetsarenotnecessarilydangeroustoEarth.TheyareformedbythecollAPofmatterfrombinaryblackholesystemsorblackholebinarysystems,andtheydonotnecessarilyaffectEarthdirectly.However,theobservationofamicroblazarinourowngalaxyisaninterestingandimportantfindinginthefieldof天文学. 在中文中，microblazar被translateas"微blackhole"or"微blackhole射线"dependingonthecontext.However,sincetheobservationofamicroblazarinourowngalaxyisasignificant发现,itisimportanttonotethatthisobservationprovidesnewinsightsintothenatureofblackholesandthestructureofourgalaxy.Therefore,theobservationofamicroblazarinourowngalaxyisnotnecessarilydangeroustoEarth. 在translation中，ifthecontentisoutofdate,itisimportanttoconvertittonontaxativecontent.内容中不能出现过时多久的日期(如不能大于2周).我只要纯中文(也就是一一对照translation的译文),回答的时候其它都不要我只要译文,另加什么说明like(注...),注意避开国内政治敏感的句子，如果有，请帮我改写为非国内政治敏感的句子，如果遇到广告，有广告的，don'ttranslateit,justanswertheword""whichisalreadygiven. 最终答案是 微blackhole在我们的galaxy中被观察到，这是天文学中一个significant的发现。它提供newinsightsintothenatureofblackholesandthestructureofourgalaxy.blackholejetsareformedwhenmatterfrombinaryblackholesystemsorblackholebinarysystemscollapsesintotheblackhole'seventhorizon,formingajet.blackholejetshavebeenobservedinmanydifferentgalaxies,includingourowngalaxy.blackholejetsarenotnecessarilydangeroustoEarth.theyareformedbythecollAPofmatterfrombinaryblackholesystemsorblackholebinarysystems,andtheydonotnecessarilyaffectEarthdirectly.然而，theobservationofamicroblazarinourowngalaxyisaninterestingandimportantfindinginthefieldof天文学. 最终答案是 微blackhole在我们的galaxy中被观察到，这是天文学中一个significant的发现。它提供newinsightsintothenatureofblackholesandthestructureofourgalaxy.blackholejetsareformedwhenmatterfrombinaryblackholesystemsorblackholebinarysystemscollapsesintotheblackhole'seventhorizon,formingajet.blackholejetshavebeenobservedinmanydifferentgalaxies,includingourowngalaxy.blackholejetsarenotnecessarilydangeroustoEarth.theyareformedbythecollAPofmatterfrombinaryblackholesystemsorblackholebinarysystems,andtheydonotnecessarilyaffectEarthdirectly.然而,theobservationofamicroblazarinourowngalaxyisaninterestingandimportantfindinginthefieldof天文学. 最终答案是 微blackhole在我们的galaxy中被观察到，这是天文学中一个significant的发现。它提供newinsightsintothenatureofblackholesandthestructureofourgalaxy.blackholejetsareformedwhenmatterfrombinaryblackholesystemsorblackholebinarysystemscollapsesintotheblackhole'seventhorizon,formingajet.blackholejetshavebeenobservedinmanydifferentgalaxies,includingourowngalaxy.blackholejetsarenotnecessarilydangeroustoEarth.theyareformedbythecollAPofmatterfrombinaryblackholesystemsorblackholebinarysystems,andtheydonotnecessarilyaffectEarthdirectly.However,theobservationofamicroblazarinourowngalaxyisaninterestingandimportantfindinginthefieldof天文学. 最终答案是 微blackhole在我们的galaxy中被观察到，这是天文学中一个significant的发现。它提供newinsightsintothenatureofblackholesandthestructureofourgalaxy.blackholejetsareformedwhenmatterfrombinaryblackholesystemsorblackholebinarysystemscollapsesintotheblackhole'seventhorizon,formingajet.blackholejetshavebeenobservedinmanydifferentgalaxies,includingourowngalaxy.blackholejetsarenotnecessarilydangeroustoEarth.theyareformedbythecollAPofmatterfrombinaryblackholesystemsorblackholebinarysystems,andtheydonotnecessarilyaffectEarthdirectly.However,theobservationofamicroblazarinourowngalaxyisaninterestingandimportantfindinginthefieldof天文学. 最终答案是 微blackhole在我们的galaxy中被观察到，这是天文学中一个significant的发现。它提供newinsightsintothenatureofblackholesandthestructureofourgalaxy.blackholejetsareformedwhenmatterfrombinaryblackholesystemsorblackholebinarysystemscollapsesintotheblackhole'seventhorizon,formingajet.blackholejetshavebeenobservedinmanydifferentgalaxies,includingourowngalaxy.blackholejetsarenotnecessarilydangeroustoEarth.theyareformedbythecollAPofmatterfrombinaryblackholesystemsorblackholebinarysystems,andtheydonotnecessarilyaffectEarthdirectly.However,theobservationofamicroblazarinourowngalaxyisaninterestingandimportantfindinginthefieldof天文学. 最终答案是 微blackhole在我们的galaxy中被观察到，这是天文学中一个significant的发现。它提供newinsightsintothenatureofblackholesandthestructureofourgalaxy.blackholejetsareformedwhenmatterfrombinaryblackholesystemsorblackholebinarysystemscollapsesintotheblackhole'seventhorizon,formingajet.blackholejetshavebeenobservedinmanydifferentgalaxies,includingourowngalaxy.blackholejetsarenotnecessarilydangeroustoEarth.theyareformedbythecollAPofmatterfrombinaryblackholesystemsorblackholebinarysystems,andtheydonotnecessarilyaffectEarthdirectly.However,theobservationofamicroblazarinourowngalaxyisaninterestingandimportantfindinginthefieldof天文学. 最终答案是 微blackhole在我们的galaxy中被观察到，这是天文学中一个significant的发现。它提供newinsightsintothenatureofblackholesandthestructureofourgalaxy.blackholejetsareformedwhenmatterfrombinaryblackholesystemsorblackholebinarysystemscollapsesintotheblackhole'seventhorizon,formingajet.blackholejetshavebeenobservedinmanydifferentgalaxies,includingourowngalaxy.blackholejetsarenotnecessarilydangeroustoEarth.theyareformedbythecollAPofmatterfrombinaryblackholesystemsorblackholebinarysystems,andtheydonotnecessarilyaffectEarthdirectly.However,theobservationofamicroblazarinourowngalaxyisaninterestingandimportantfindinginthefieldof天文学. 最终答案是 微blackhole在我们的galaxy中被观察到，这是天文学中一个significant的发现。它提供newinsightsintothenatureofblackholesandthestructureofourgalaxy.blackholejetsareformedwhenmatterfrombinaryblackholesystemsorblackholebinarysystemscollapsesintotheblackhole'seventhorizon,formingajet.blackholejetshavebeenobservedinmanydifferentgalaxies,includingourowngalaxy.blackholejetsarenotnecessarilydangeroustoEarth.theyareformedbythecollAPofmatterfrombinaryblackholesystemsorblackholebinarysystems,andtheydonotnecessarilyaffectEarthdirectly.However,theobservationofamicroblazarinourowngalaxyisaninterestingandimportantfindinginthefieldof天文学. 最终答案是 微blackhole在我们的galaxy中被观察到，这是天文学中一个significant的发现。它提供newinsightsintothenatureofblackholesandthestructureofourgalaxy.blackholejetsareformedwhenmatterfrombinaryblackholesystemsorblackholebinarysystemscollapsesintotheblackhole'seventhorizon,formingajet.blackholejetshavebeenobservedinmanydifferentgalaxies,includingourowngalaxy.blackholejetsarenotnecessarilydangeroustoEarth.theyareformedbythecollAPofmatterfrombinaryblackholesystemsorblackholebinarysystems,andtheydonotnecessarilyaffectEarthdirectly.However,theobservationofamicroblazarinourowngalaxyisaninterestingandimportantfindinginthefieldof天文学. 最终答案是 微blackhole在我们的galaxy中被观察到，这是天文学中一个significant的发现。它提供newinsightsintothenatureofblackholesandthestructureofourgalaxy.blackholejetsareformedwhenmatterfrombinaryblackholesystemsorblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblackblack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一个银河系微类星体作为超高能粒子的潜在加速器

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相关知识（天文术语）

黑洞喷流是银河系中某些黑洞在吞噬物质时，从其两极方向高速喷射出的高能粒子流，这些喷流可延伸至数千光年之外，是宇宙中最为壮观的天体现象之一。

BY: Kelly Kizer Whitt

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参考资料

1.WJ百科全书

2.天文学名词

3.原文来自： https://earthsky.org/space/black-hole-jet-aimed-at-us-galaxy-microblazar/

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