这才是你的2024年度报告

🤔️小作业：

1. Which of the following statements best reflects Prof. Wilson's view on sharing data online?

A. People are more comfortable sharing a selfie than their personal data.

B. Data privacy concerns are less significant than they were in the past.

C. People prefer to keep their personal hobbies and activities private.

D. Sharing data online is more intrusive than sharing a selfie.

'It'sbraggingwithout theselfie' - The rise ofSpotify Wrappedand itscopycats

From: BBC

Throughout December, Instagramfeedsare flooded with pictures of Christmas trees,snapsfromfestivework parties – andscreenshotsof people's most-listened-to songs of the year.

每到十二月，Instagram上总是少不了圣诞树的照片、节日派对的欢乐瞬间，还有人们分享的年度听歌报告截图。

brag

brag /bræɡ/ 表示“吹嘘，夸耀”，英文解释为“to speak too proudly about what you have done or what you own”举个🌰：She's always bragging about how much money she earns. 她老是吹嘘自己挣钱如何如何多。

selfie

selfie /ˈsel.fi/ 表示“自拍照”，英文解释为“a photograph that you take of yourself , usually with a mobile phone. Selfies are often published using social media.”

Spotify Wrapped

Spotify Wrapped是一个由音乐流媒体服务平台Spotify推出的年终特别活动。每年年底，Spotify会为用户提供一个个性化的报告，总结他们在过去一年里的听歌习惯。这个报告通常包括用户最喜欢的歌手、歌曲、音乐类型和播放时长等数据。除此之外，Spotify Wrapped还会提供一些有趣的特色内容，如“音乐旅程”回顾，展示用户一年来的音乐品味变化，以及“全球热门”等榜单，让用户了解全球或特定地区的热门音乐趋势。这个活动非常受欢迎，很多用户会在社交媒体上分享自己的Spotify Wrapped报告，与朋友们一起讨论。

在这个语境中，Wrapped这个词的意思接近于“总结”或“包裹”。尽管在常规英语词典中，“wrapped”通常指的是“包裹的”或“覆盖的”，但在这个特定的场合下，它被用来象征性地表示将一整年的音乐体验“包裹”或“总结”起来，以便为用户提供一个全面的年度回顾。所以，尽管“wrapped”在这里的用法可能不会直接出现在标准英语词典中，它是对这个单词的一种创造性和比喻性的使用，目的是传达对过去一年用户音乐体验的全面回顾和总结的概念。

copycat

1）作形容词，表示“模仿的，仿效的；抄袭的”，英文解释为“done or made to be very similar to something else”举个🌰：At the market you can buy affordable copycat (= very similar) versions of expensive perfumes. 你可以在市场上买到廉价的冒牌昂贵香水。

2）作形容词，表示“（犯罪）模仿性的；受其他犯罪影响的”，英文解释为“A copycat crime is believed to have been influenced by another, often famous, crime because it is so similar.”如：copycat murders 模仿性凶杀。

3）作名词，表示“（指缺乏主见的）模仿者；好跟人学的人；抄袭者”，英文解释为“someone who has few ideas of their own and does or says exactly the same as someone else”举个🌰：You're just a copycat! 你只会学别人！

📺美剧《犯罪心理》（Criminal minds）中的台词提到：All the other copycat murders occurred in the same area. 其它所有模仿凶杀案都和原凶杀案发生在同一地点。

feed

feed作动词，表示“供给；供应；（尤指规律地或连续地）把…放进（机器或系统）”，英文解释为“to supply something to a person or thing, or put something into a machine or system, especially in a regular or continuous way”举个🌰：The vegetables are fed into the machine at this end. 蔬菜从这头放进机器里。

feed一词，作名词时，不知道你有没有听过“Feed流”或者“信息流”这样的说法，熟悉互联网行业的人可能会比较了解，指的就是持续向用户提供内容更新的信息流服务，比如朋友圈（Moments），微博，抖音的形式，你可以以时间线或者兴趣度一条一条地往下刷或者说阅读。可以看下Web feed或者News feed的英文解释：a data format used for providing users with frequently updated content.

📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述战斗机AI飞行员的文章中提到：Ms Broadbent's team is also experimenting with novel ways to deliver information to a pilot, from a Twitter-like feed to an anthropomorphic avatar. 布罗德本特的团队也在测试用推特式消息流、拟人化形象等各种新鲜方式向飞行员发送信息。

snap

snap /snæp/ 作动词，1）表示“突然折断，咔嚓一声折断”，英文解释为“to cause something that is thin to break suddenly and quickly with a cracking sound”举个🌰：Some vandal's snapped off my car aerial again. 某个蓄意作恶的家伙又把我的汽车天线折断了。

2）表示“拍照；摄影”，英文解释为“(informal) to take a photograph”举个🌰：A passing tourist snapped the incident. 一个过路的游客把这件事拍了下来。

3）作名词，表示“（尤指抢拍的）照片”，英文解释为“a photograph, especially one taken quickly”如：holiday snaps 假日拍的照片。

4）作形容词，snap /snæp/ 表示“匆忙的；不加思索的；不做准备的”，英文解释为“done suddenly without allowing time for careful thought or preparation”举个🌰：He always makes snap decisions and never thinks about their consequences. 他总是匆忙作决定，从不考虑后果。

festive

festive /ˈfes.tɪv/ 表示“节日的；喜庆的；欢乐的”，英文解释为“having or producing happy and enjoyable feelings suitable for a festival or other special occasion”如：a festive mood/occasion 节日气氛/喜庆场合。

screenshot

screenshot /ˈskriːn.ʃɒt/ 表示“屏幕截图”，英文解释为“an image created by copying part or all of the display on a computer screen at a particular moment, for example in order to demonstrate the use of a piece of software”

That's because at the end of every year, since 2016, Spotify releases Wrapped. The campaign pulls together what users listened to the most and usually includes their top songs, artists, andgenres.

这是因为自2016年起，每年年底Spotify都会推出“年度回顾”，帮助用户回顾过去一年中最常听的歌曲、歌手和音乐类型。

genre

genre /ˈʒɑ̃ː.rə/ /ˈʒɒn.rə/ 表示“（尤指艺术的）风格，类型，体裁”，英文解释为“a style, especially in the arts, that involves a particular set of characteristics”举个🌰：What genre does the book fall into - comedy or tragedy? 这本书属于什么体裁——喜剧还是悲剧？

It's now "plasteredacross every possible social media platform known to man," says Dr Gillian Brooks, a senior lecturer in strategic marketing at King's College London.

英国伦敦国王学院（King's College London）战略营销高级讲师吉莉安·布鲁克斯（Gillian Brooks）博士说：“现在几乎每个社交媒体平台都充斥着这些内容。”

plastered

plastered /ˈplɑː.stəd/ 表示“烂醉的”，英文解释为“extremely drunk”举个🌰：They went out to the bars and got plastered. 他们去酒吧喝了个烂醉。

plaster /ˈplɑː.stər/ 作动词，1）表示“（用灰泥）抹，粉刷”，英文解释为“a small piece of sticky cloth or plastic that you use to cover and protect a cut in the skin”

2）表示“大量张贴，贴满”，英文解释为“to make something stick in a flat smooth layer”举个🌰：She had plastered her bedroom walls with photos of pop stars. 她的卧室墙上贴满了流行歌手的照片。

She says its Wrapped feature works so well because music is personal and people enjoy thenostalgiaof seeing the songs that marked their lives over the past year.

她说，“年度回顾”之所以效果如此之好，是因为音乐是个性化的，而回顾过去一年的代表性歌曲更能激发人们的怀旧情感。

nostalgia

nostalgia /nɒˈstældʒə/ 表示“对过去美好时光的留恋，恋旧；怀旧”，英文解释为“a feeling that a time in the past was good, or the activity of remembering a good time in the past and wishing that things had not changed”，举个🌰：He looked back on his university days with a certain amount of nostalgia. 他带着一点留恋，回忆起大学时光。

📍诗歌《乡愁》余光中就有译为：Nostalgia. 📍词根“-algia”表示“疼痛”，前缀“nost-”（来自希腊语“nostos”，表示“回家”）。想象你对过去的家乡有一种「疼痛」的怀念，这就是“nostalgia”。

Since Wrappedgoes viralannually, other businesses have joined in, from language learning app Duolingo to bank Monzo, all creating their own personalised "year in review" summaries - alongside other music streaming apps such as Apple Music and Amazon Music.

由于“年度回顾”每年都会走红，其他企业也纷纷效仿，从语言学习应用多邻国（Duolingo）到英国数字银行Monzo，再到Apple Music和Amazon Music等音乐流媒体应用，都推出了各自个性化的“年度回顾”总结。

viral

viral /ˈvaɪ.rəl/ 表示“（通过网络在个体之间迅速）病毒式的（传播）”，英文解释为“used to describe something that quickly becomes very popular or well known by being published on the internet or sent from person to person by email, phone, etc.”举个🌰：Here's a list of the top ten viral videos this week. 以下是本周十大病毒式传播的视频。

📍常用短语 go viral，字面意思就是“像病毒一样传播、扩散”，引申为“走红，十分流行，疯狂传播”，比如朋友圈xxx刷屏了，也可以说go viral. 📍名词形式virality.

Prof Jonathan Wilson, a professor of brand strategy and culture at Regent's University London, thinks there is anulterior motivefor people sharing these end-of-year-reviews - especially on apps that people use to track theirvirtuousactivities, like fitness and education.

伦敦摄政大学（Regent's University London）品牌战略与文化教授乔纳森·威尔逊（Jonathan Wilson）教授认为，人们分享这些年度回顾有深层次的动机，尤其是在记录用户良好习惯的应用（如健身和教育类应用）上更为明显。

ulterior motive

ulterior motive, reason, purpose表示“不可告人的动机/原因/目的”，英文解释为“a secret purpose or reason for doing something”举个🌰：He claims he just wants to help her but I suspect he has an ulterior motive. 他声称只是想帮助她，但我怀疑他有不可告人的动机。

virtuous

virtuous /ˈvɜː.tʃu.əs/ 表示“道德高尚的；拥有美德的；品行端正的”，英文解释为“having good moral qualities and behaviour”举个🌰：He described them as virtuous and hard-working people. 他将他们描述成一个品德高尚、勤劳善良的民族。

"It's like bragging but without the selfie," he explains. "Lots of people don't want to take selfies for various reasons but one of them is that people feel a bitcringe, that it's a bitnarcissistic."

“这有点像在炫耀，但没有自拍照那么直接，”他解释说。“很多人出于各种原因不想自拍，其中一个原因是，人们觉得自拍照有点做作，有点自恋。”

cringe

cringe /krɪndʒ/ 可以作名词，也可以作动词，1）表示“感到尴尬不安；觉得难为情”，英文解释为“to feel very embarrassed and uncomfortable about sth”举个🌰：I cringe when I think of the poems I wrote then. 每当我想起我那时写的诗歌就感到很难堪。

2）表示“畏缩；怯退”，英文解释为“to move back and/or away from sb because you are afraid”，如：a child cringing in terror 吓得直退缩的小孩。

这个词用来形容某人、某事或某种行为令人感到尴尬或难堪。它经常用于描述社交场合中不自在或令人不舒服的情况。例句：朋友在公共场合大声唱歌，你可能会说：“That was so cringe,” 意思是你觉得他的行为非常尴尬，让你感觉不舒服。

narcissistic

narcissistic /ˌnɑːr.sɪˈsɪs.tɪk/ 形容词，表示“自我陶醉的；自恋的”，英文解释为“If you describe someone as narcissistic, you disapprove of them because they think about themselves a lot and admire themselves too much.”

People share information on social media if it "enhances the image we wish to portray publicly of who we are and what we want to align ourselves with", he says.

他说，人们在社交媒体上分享信息的前提是，这些信息“能提升我们希望在公众面前塑造的形象，即我们是谁，以及与之认同的事物”。

"Data is a really good way tohumblebrag, as opposed to actually taking selfies in all of your best clothes surrounded by all of your best people and belongings," Prof Wilson adds.

“相比直接拍一张穿着华丽服装、站在最好的朋友身旁、展示名贵物品的照片，用数据展示更像是一种含蓄的炫耀，”威尔逊教授补充道。

humblebrag

humblebrag /ˈhʌm.bəl.bræɡ/ 表示“故作谦虚地自夸；故作矜持地炫耀”，英文解释为“to let people know about something you are very proud of in a way that makes it appear as if you are complaining or embarrassed”举个🌰："I don't know why anybody would want my autograph!" he humblebragged. "我不知道为什么会有人要我的签名！"他故作谦虚地说。

"It's less like bragging and a bit more evidence-based," agrees Prof Caroline Wiertz, a professor in marketing at City, University of London.

伦敦大学城市学院（City, University of London）市场营销学教授卡罗琳·维尔茨（Caroline Wiertz）教授也认为：“相比直接炫耀，这种方式更有说服力。”

"This is a thing now in the calendar," Prof Wiertz says. "We wait for the John Lewis Christmas ad, we also wait to receive our Spotify Wrapped."

“这已经成为一种年度传统，”维尔茨教授说道。“就像我们在期待英国品牌约翰·路易斯（John Lewis）的圣诞广告一样，我们也在期待收到Spotify年度回顾的发布。”

Prof Wilson tells the BBC this copycat behaviour was inevitable - theprospectof people promoting a company or product seems like too good an opportunity to miss.

威尔逊教授告诉英国广播公司（BBC），其他品牌纷纷效仿是必然的——因为让用户自发推广产品对企业而言实在是一次难得的机会。

prospect

prospect /ˈprɒs.pekt/ 1）表示“（发生好事情的）可能，可能性，机会”，英文解释为“the possibility that something good might happen in the future”举个🌰：Is there any prospect of the weather improving? 天气有可能好转吗？

2）表示“前景；展望；设想”，英文解释为“the possibility of being successful, especially at work”举个🌰：She's hoping the course will improve her career prospects. 她希望这门课能改善自己的职业前景。

As Dr Brooks says: "It's free advertising for them."

正如布鲁克斯博士所说：“这相当于免费的广告。”

Some year in review features are moretongue in cheek, which brands hope can make them more relatable, and shareable, to their customers, these experts say.

这些专家表示，有些年度回顾带有几分戏谑的意味，品牌希望借此能让自己更贴近用户，也更易于用户传播。

tongue in cheek

tongue in cheek 半开玩笑地，带有讽刺或夸张：表示以不真诚、讽刺或夸张的方式说话或行动。

tongue-in-cheek /ˌtʌŋ.ɪnˈtʃiːk/ 表示“开玩笑的；说着玩的”，英文解释为“meant to be understood as a joke, although it might appear to be serious”举个🌰：Her latest play is a firmly tongue-in-cheek look at the world of advertising. 她最新的剧本对广告界大开玩笑。

Year in review features can raise questions about just how much data companies collect. It is widely understood that the vast majority of apps and websites someone might use are collecting huge reams of data, which they use for marketing purposes.

然而，年度回顾功能也让人们开始思考公司究竟收集了多少用户数据。人们普遍认为，绝大多数应用和网站都会收集大量数据，并将其用于营销。

Dr Brooks suggests "people blindly accept privacy preferences online" because they want to get on with whatever they visited the website to do.

布鲁克斯博士认为，人们在网上“盲目接受隐私偏好设置”，因为他们只想快速完成访问网站的目的。

Data privacy is "not as huge of an issue as it used to be", she says. "If we get more targetedadvertsas a result, most people I've spoken to are okay with that."

数据隐私“不像过去那样是个大问题，”她说。“如果能因此带来更精准的广告，我所接触的大多数人对此并不介意。”

advert

advert /ˈæd.vɜːt/ 表示“一则广告”，英文解释为“an advertisement”如：an advert for the local radio station 当地广播电台推广节目的广告。

And though people like to keep some information about themselves private, they seem to have fewqualmsabout sharing their hobbies and leisure activities online.

尽管人们仍然希望保护一些敏感信息的隐私，但似乎对在网上分享自己的爱好和娱乐活动没有什么顾虑。

qualm

qualm /kwɑːm/ 表示“疑虑；内疚；不安”，英文解释为“an uncomfortable feeling when you doubt if you are doing the right thing”举个🌰：She had no qualms about lying to the police. 她向警方说谎但却并未感到良心不安。

"Paradoxically, when you share a selfie you are sharing far less information about yourself than you do with data showing what you do," Prof Wilson says. "People seem more comfortable with doing that than sharing a picture of themselves."

“有趣的是，分享自拍照泄露的信息其实远远少于通过数据展示你行为的信息，”威尔逊教授表示。“人们似乎更愿意选择后者，而不是分享自己的照片。”

paradoxically

paradoxically /ˌpær.əˈdɒk.sɪ.kəl.i/ 表示“似乎互相抵触地，看似互为矛盾地”，英文解释为“in a way that seems impossible or difficult to understand because of containing two opposite facts or characteristics”举个🌰：The big thing in video equipment is, paradoxically, sound. 矛盾的是，视频设备中最重要的是声音。

- 词汇盘点 -

brag、 selfie、 Spotify Wrapped、 copycat、 feed、 snap、 festive、 screenshot、 genre、 plastered、 nostalgia、 viral、 ulterior motive、 virtuous、 cringe、 narcissistic、 humblebrag、 prospect、 tongue in cheek、 advert、 qualm、 paradoxically

- 词汇助记 By ChatGPT -

Paradoxically, his humblebrag Spotify Wrapped snap, plastered across festive feeds, felt narcissistic yet nostalgic. Copycat selfies went viral, despite qualms over ulterior motives. Tongue-in-cheek adverts mocked the genre, but prospects of virtuous sharing eased the cringe for many.

- 推荐阅读 -

写在九周年的话

为了这个合集，准备了3年11个月

「LearnAndRecord」2023年度盘点

有人听写吗？推荐练听力小程序

「合集」2024政府工作报告笔记

- END -

LearnAndRecord

2015年2月8日

2024年12月30日

第3614天

每天持续行动学外语