明德元年？整顿娱乐圈？

2025年1月4日晚，演员李明德连发多条微博“声讨”《三人行》剧组，连连霸占热搜榜，堪称2025年第一大瓜，创造了内娱“明德元年”。随后包括马天宇、《三人行》剧组导演等多方回应，事件持续发酵。

⚠️理性吃瓜，学习为重。

借（cèng）此（gè）机（rè）会（diǎn），我们就来看看电子书or纸质书的相关外刊吧。

🤔️小作业：

1. What can be inferred about the relationship between parents and children when reading e-books?

A. Parents often co-engage with children as much as they do with traditional books.

B. Parents tend to rely on the e-book's features rather than engaging directly with their child.

C. E-books eliminate the need for spontaneous dialogue between parents and children.

D. E-books require more parental supervision compared to traditional books.

无注释原文：

Bringing Up an E-Reader

From: The New York Times

Julianna Huth, a second grader at Green Primary School, in Green, Ohio, is a convert to the digital word. The 8-year-old uses both an iPad and a Nook, and she enjoys e-books at home and at school.

But is it better than a book? It may take a generation to ever know for sure, and even 10 or 20 years from now it will be debated as the effects of television or video games are still discussed today.

Julianna's teacher, Kourtney Denning, sees e-books as essential. “Old books don't really cut it anymore,” she said. “We have to transform our learning as we know it.”

Amid the excitement and enthusiasm, some people are suggesting a closer look, especially for younger children learning to read. “Right now, the state-of-the-art, in terms of research-based practice is: read traditional books with your child,” said Julia Parish-Morris, a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Pennsylvania who has studied e-books and how children interact with them. “We don't have any evidence that any kind of electronic device is better than a parent.”

In an attempt to figure out whether parents should embrace e-books with great enthusiasm or ration e-reader screen time as they do TV time, Julianna's class is participating in a research project for the Center for Literacy at the University of Akron.

The project is meant to find the best way to integrate e-books into classrooms. It is part of a broader study of kindergartners through second graders using a range of devices and computers.

Julianna's mother, Cathy Ivancic, was elated when she learned the class would take part in the study. She said that devices like the iPad were new and fun and gave children an incentive to read, including those who might be reluctant. “It's a new motivation to explore reading,” she said. “At this age is when you learn to love reading, or not love reading.”

Ms. Ivancic's other daughter, Jessica, 13, also uses an e-reader, preferring e-books over traditional books because they are easier to read. “And in between books you can play apps,” she said.

Ms. Parish-Morris and educators are concerned that children can be distracted by the animations and gamelike features within e-books. Maintaining a focus on the story is important in developing literacy skills, they said.

One way this happens spontaneously is through a back-and-forth dialogue that develops naturally between a parent and child sharing a book.

“The most important thing is sitting and talking with your children,” said Gabrielle Strouse, an adjunct assistant professor at Vanderbilt who has studied e-books. “Whether you're reading a book, whether you're reading an e-book, whether you're watching a video. Co-interacting, co-viewing, is the best way for them to learn.”

Lisa Guernsey, director of the early education initiative at the New America Foundation, says conversations about how events of a story relate to the child's own life, or asking open-ended questions about what happened, are examples of spontaneous dialogue. But this kind of interaction is often different with e-books, she said, and in some cases, disappears.

“We are seeing some evidence that parents expect the e-books to do it all and are stepping back from the engagement with their children,” she said.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为纽约时报官方译文，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Bringing Up an E-Reader

From: The New York Times

Julianna Huth, a second grader at Green Primary School, in Green, Ohio, is aconvertto the digital word. The 8-year-old uses both an iPad and a Nook, and she enjoys e-books at home and at school.

俄亥俄州格林市格林小学的二年级学生莉安娜·胡思（Julianna Huth）如今迷上了数字世界。8岁的她会用iPad平板电脑和Nook电子阅读器，无论是在家里还是学校，她都喜欢读电子书。

convert

convert /kənˈvɜːt/ 作动词，1）表示“转变”，英文解释为“If one thing is converted or converts into another, it is changed into a different form.”举个🌰：The signal will be converted into digital code. 信号将被转变成数字编码。

2）表示“改建”，英文解释为“If someone converts a room or building, they alter it in order to use it for a different purpose.”举个🌰：By converting the attic, they were able to have two extra bedrooms. 通过改建阁楼，他们又多出了两间卧室。

3）表示“改装”，英文解释为“If you convert a vehicle or piece of equipment, you change it so that it can use a different fuel.”举个🌰：Save money by converting your car to run on used vegetable oil. 通过改装你的汽车使其燃烧用过的植物油来省钱。

4）表示“换算”，英文解释为“If you convert a quantity from one system of measurement to another, you calculate what the quantity is in the second system.”举个🌰：Converting metric measurements to U.S. equivalents is easy. 把公制度量衡换算成美制度量衡很容易。

5）表示“改变信仰”，英文解释为“If someone converts you, they persuade you to change your religious or political beliefs. You can also say that someone converts to a different religion.”举个🌰：If you try to convert him, you could find he just walks away. 如果你想让他改变信仰，他会扭头就走。

作名词，表示“改变信仰（或习惯、生活方式）的人”，英文解释为“someone who changes their beliefs, habits, or way of living”如：a Christian convert 皈依基督教者，a convert to vegetarianism/wholemeal bread 改食素食者/全麦面包者。

But is it better than a book? It may take a generation to ever know for sure, and even 10 or 20 years from now it will be debated as the effects of television or video games are still discussed today.

但电子书比图书好吗？这也许需要一代人的时间才能确定答案，甚至从现在开始的今后10年或20年中，这个问题都会被争论，就像我们如今依然在讨论电视或电子游戏的影响那样。

Julianna's teacher, Kourtney Denning, sees e-books asessential. “Old books don't really cut it anymore,” she said. “We have to transform our learning as we know it.”

莉安娜的老师考特妮·丹宁（Kourtney Denning）认为电子书是必要的。她说：“老式的图书真的已经不再有吸引力了，我们必须转变我们的学习方式了，我们知道这一点。”

essential

essential /ɪˈsen.ʃəl/ 作名词，表示“必需品；不可缺少的东西”，英文解释为“a basic thing that you cannot live without”举个🌰：When we go on holiday, we only take the bare essentials. 我们去度假时，只带一些最基本的必需品。

作形容词，表示“必要的，必不可少的”，英文解释为“necessary or needed”举个🌰：His support will be essential if the project is to succeed. 这个项目能否成功，他的支持至关重要。

Amid the excitement and enthusiasm, some people are suggesting a closer look, especially for younger children learning to read. “Right now, thestate-of-the-art, in terms of research-based practice is: read traditional books with your child,” said Julia Parish-Morris, a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Pennsylvania who has studied e-books and how children interact with them. “We don't have any evidence that any kind of electronic device is better than a parent.”

即使在这种兴奋和热情之中，仍有人建议要对电子书更仔细地进行审视，尤其是为了那些正在学习阅读的孩子们着想。宾夕法尼亚大学的博士后朱莉娅·帕里什-莫里斯（Julia Parish-Morris）研究了电子书以及儿童如何与之进行互动的课题，她说：“现在，从基于研究的实践来看，当前的发展水平是：和你的孩子一起读传统图书。没有任何证据显示有哪种电子设备比父母还好。”

state-of-the-art

state-of-the-art /ˌsteɪt.əv.ðiːˈɑːt/ 表示“最先进的；应用最新理念（或方法）的”，英文解释为“very modern and using the most recent ideas and methods”如：a state-of-the-art computer 最先进的计算机。

几个类似表达：

📍cutting-edge表示“尖端的，前沿的”，英文解释为“Cutting-edge techniques or equipment are the most advanced that there are in a particular field.”举个🌰：What we are planning is cutting-edge technology never seen in Australia before. 我们正在筹划的是澳大利亚前所未见的尖端技术。

🎬电影《像素大战》（Pixels）中的台词提到：I'm thinking this is a cutting-edge multinational enterprise. 我想是某先进跨国组织干的。

📍 leading edge表示“（某活动领域的）最重要位置，领先地位；（尤指技术上的）前沿，尖端”，英文解释为“The leading edge of a particular area of research or development is the area of it that seems most advanced or sophisticated.”如：at the leading edge of scientific research 在科学研究的前沿。

In an attempt to figure out whether parents should embrace e-books with great enthusiasm orratione-reader screen time as they do TV time, Julianna's class is participating in a research project for the Center for Literacy at the University of Akron.

莉安娜的班级正在参与阿克伦大学读写中心（Center for Literacy atthe University of Akron）的一个研究项目，以弄清楚父母是否应该以极大的热情来接受电子书，还是该像限制孩子们看电视的时间一样限制他们对着电子阅读器屏幕的时间。

ration

ration /ˈræʃ.ən/ 表示“对…实行配给；定量供应；限定…的量”，英文解释为“an amount of something that you would expect to have”举个🌰：We've had more than our ration of problems recently. 最近我们遇到的问题很多，超出我们的能力范围了。

作名词，表示“合理的量；正常量；认为应该得到的量”，英文解释为“the total amount of food that is given to someone to be eaten during a particular activity and in a particular period of time, especially an amount given to soldiers when they are fighting”

The project is meant to find the best way tointegratee-books into classrooms. It is part of a broader study of kindergartners through second graders using a range of devices and computers.

此项目意在寻找一种将电子书与课堂相结合的最佳方式。它属于一个更大的研究项目，后者对介于幼儿园和二年级年龄段之间的孩子使用各种设备和计算机进行研究。

integrate

integrate /ˈɪn.tɪ.ɡreɪt/ 1）表示“使合并，使成为一体”，英文解释为“to combine two or more things in order to become more effective”举个🌰：You need to integrate exercise into your normal life. 你必须让锻炼成为你日常生活的一部分。

2）表示“（使）融入（某社会或群体）；（使）成为一体”，英文解释为“to mix with and join society or a group of people, often changing to suit their way of life, habits, and customs”举个🌰：He seems to find it difficult to integrate socially. 他似乎觉得很难与别人打成一片。

Julianna's mother, Cathy Ivancic, waselatedwhen she learned the class would take part in the study. She said that devices like the iPad were new and fun and gave children anincentiveto read, including those who might bereluctant. “It's a new motivation to explore reading,” she said. “At this age is when you learn to love reading, or not love reading.”

莉安娜的妈妈凯茜·伊万希克（Cathy Ivancic）在得知女儿所在的班级参与了这项研究后很高兴。她说，像iPad这样的电子设备新颖有趣，并能激励孩子们——包括那些可能不爱读书的——阅读。她说：“这是孩子们读书的新动力。这个年纪正是你学会爱上读书或不爱读书的时候。”

elated

elated /iˈleɪ.tɪd/ 表示“兴高采烈的；喜气洋洋的；欢欣鼓舞的”，英文解释为“extremely happy and excited, often because something has happened or been achieved”举个🌰：The prince was reported to be elated at/by the birth of his daughter. 据报道，王子喜得千金。

名词形式elation /iˈleɪ.ʃən/ 表示“兴高采烈；喜气洋洋；欢欣鼓舞”举个🌰：On social media platforms, users greeted the news with a mix of disbelief and elation. 在社交媒体平台上，用户们对该消息表达了难以置信和兴奋之情。

incentive

incentive /ɪnˈsen.tɪv/表示“激励；刺激；鼓励”，英文解释为“something that encourages you to do sth”举个🌰：There is no incentive for people to save fuel. 没有使人们节约燃料的鼓励办法。

reluctant

reluctant /rɪˈlʌk.tənt/ 表示“勉强的；不情愿的”，英文解释为“not willing to do something and therefore slow to do it”举个🌰：I was having such a good time I was reluctant to leave. 我玩得很开心，都不愿意离开了。

Ms. Ivancic's other daughter, Jessica, 13, also uses an e-reader, preferring e-books over traditional books because they are easier to read. “And in between books you can play apps,” she said.

伊万希克的另一个女儿、13岁的杰西卡（Jessica）也在使用一部电子阅读器。比起传统书来，她更喜欢阅读电子书，因为它们读起来更容易。她说：“读书的空档你还可以玩玩应用程序。”

Ms. Parish-Morris and educators are concerned that children can bedistractedby theanimationsand gamelike features within e-books. Maintaining a focus on the story is important in developingliteracyskills, they said.

帕里什-莫里斯和教育者们担心孩子们会为电子书中的动画和游戏般的功能分神。他们表示，在发展读写能力时，很重要的一点是把注意力保持在故事上。

distract

distract /dɪˈstrækt/ 表示“使分心，使转移注意力，干扰”，英文解释为“to make someone stop giving their attention to something”举个🌰：Don't distract her (from her studies). 不要让她（在学习上）分心。

animation

表示“动画；动画片”，英文解释为“moving images created from drawings, models, etc. that are photographed or created by a computer”

📍anime表示“（日本的）动画片”，英文解释为“Japanese films made using characters and images that are drawn rather than real, or one of these films”

📍有个说法叫：ACG指的就是Animation（动画）、Comics（漫画）与Games（游戏）的首字母缩写。

literacy

literacy /ˈlɪt.ər.ə.si/ 1）表示“识字；读写能力”，英文解释为“Literacy is the ability to read and write.”举个🌰：Many adults have problems with literacy and numeracy. 很多成年人有读写和计算的困难。

反义词：

📍illiteracy表示“文盲”（Illiteracy is the state of not knowing how to read or write.）

2）表示“（某领域或某方面的）知识，能力”，英文解释为“knowledge of a particular subject, or a particular type of knowledge”举个🌰：Computer literacy is becoming as essential as the ability to drive a car. 会用计算机与会开车一样将成为一种必备的技能。

One way this happensspontaneouslyis through a back-and-forth dialogue that develops naturally between a parent and child sharing a book.

这种情况自发产生的一种方式是：父母和孩子共享一本书，并自然地进行来回对话。

spontaneously

spontaneously /spɒnˈteɪ.ni.əs.li/ 表示“自然的，自发的”，英文解释为“in a way that is natural, often sudden, and not planned or forced”举个🌰：This story may prompt you to burst spontaneously into uncontrollable sobs. 这个故事可能会让你不由自主地抽泣起来。

“The most important thing is sitting and talking with your children,” said Gabrielle Strouse, an adjunct assistant professor at Vanderbilt who has studied e-books. “Whether you're reading a book, whether you're reading an e-book, whether you're watching a video. Co-interacting, co-viewing, is the best way for them to learn.”

范德堡大学（Vanderbilt University）兼职助理教授加布里埃尔·斯特劳斯（Gabrielle Strouse）曾研究过电子书，她表示：“最重要的事情是坐下来和你的孩子谈话。不管你是在读一本传统图书还是在读电子书，或是在看电视。一起互动、一起观看才是他们学习的最好方式。”

Lisa Guernsey, director of the early education initiative at the New America Foundation, says conversations about how events of a story relate to the child's own life, or askingopen-endedquestions about what happened, are examples of spontaneous dialogue. But this kind of interaction is often different with e-books, she said, and in some cases, disappears.

新美国基金会（New America Foundation）的早期教育项目负责人丽萨·格恩西（Lisa Guernsey）表示，讨论一个故事中的事件如何与孩子自己的生活有关系，或者就发生了什么事提出开放式问题，就是自发式对话的例子。她说，但这种互动常常和电子书不同，在某些情况下甚至会消失。

open-ended

open-ended /ˌəʊ.pənˈen.dɪd/ 表示“无结论的；无限制的；未预作安排的”，英文解释为“An open-ended activity or situation does not have a planned ending, so it may develop in several ways.”举个🌰：We are not willing to enter into open-ended discussions. 我们不想无休止地讨论下去。

“We are seeing some evidence that parents expect the e-books to do it all and are stepping back from the engagement with their children,” she said.

她说：“我们看到一些迹象显示父母们指望电子书去包揽所有事情，而他们则从和孩子的交流中抽出身来。”

- 词汇盘点 -

convert、essential、state-of-the-art、ration、integrate、elated、incentive、reluctant、distract、animation、literacy

- 词汇助记 By ChatGPT -

The reluctant student, distracted by animation, was elated when a state-of-the-art program integrated literacy lessons. The incentive? Convert screen time into essential skills, with rations of fun to keep learning engaging and productive.

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- END -

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